PMSP for the Michigan Onion Industry

Source

Title	PMSP for the Michigan Onion Industry
PDF Document	https://ipmdata.ipmcenters.org/documents/pmsps/MIonion.pdf
Source Type	Pest Management Strategic Plans
Source Date	01/11/2005
Settings	Onion, Onion, Bulb
Region	North Central
States	Michigan

Executive Summary

PDF

https://ipmdata.ipmcenters.org/documents/pmsps/MIonion.pdf

Settings/Crops

Priorities

Category	Rank	Pest Type	Pest	Crop Stage	Priority
Extension/Outreach	1	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Demonstration and education regarding cull pile management, specifically disposal, placement and composting of piles along with the associated advantages/disadvantages in disease and insect control.
Extension/Outreach	2	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Continue Integrated Pest management (IPM) education and on-farm demonstration plots.
Extension/Outreach	3	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	As new products and methods become available, alert the industry of any effects they may have on the crop with regard to interactions in the field and in tank mixes.
Extension/Outreach	4	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	As new products and methods become available, alert the industry of any effects they may have on the crop with regard to interactions in the field and in tank mixes.
Regulatory	1	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	In order for Michigan onion growers to remain competitive and produce a quality product, it is imperative that the following pesticides be retained until effective and cost efficient pesticides are identified and registered: • Fungicides: chlorothalonil (Bravo, Echo, Equus), mancozeb (Dithane, Manzate, Manex II, Penncozeb), maneb (Manex), iprodione (Iprodione, Rovral). • Insecticides: chlorpyrifos (Lorsban), methomyl (Lannate), pyrethroids (Ambush, Ammo, Pounce). • Herbicides: oxyfluorfen (Goal), pendimethalin (Prowl), s-metolachlor (Dual Magnum), bromoxynil (Buctril) , sethoxydim (Poast), fluazifop-p (Fusilade), clethodim (Select).
Regulatory	2	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	For the reasons stated previously, it is important that full registration of the following products be expedited: • Insecticide: fipronil (Regent) • Herbicide: dimethenamid (Outlook)
Research	1	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Develop management strategies for thrips based on the biology of the insect, dispersal patterns and interaction with foliar diseases.
Research	2	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Develop management strategies to control black mold.
Research	3	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Identify onion varieties suitable for Michigan that are resistant to black mold and thrips.
Research	4	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Identify the source of infection and appropriate crop management techniques for bacterial soft rot.
Research	5	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Identify effective reduced-risk fungicides and/or biocontrol agents, develop disease predictors and determine rotational strategies to manage foliar blights on onions.
Research	6	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Identify effective reduced-risk herbicides and develop alternative weed control methods for yellow nutsedge.
Research	7	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Evaluate cover crops and bio-fumigants for nematode, insect, disease, and weed management.
Research	8	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Develop improved facilities and disease management strategies for harvesting and storing onions.
Research	9	All		6- to 12-Inch Shoot	Develop a rapid diagnostic tool to determine aster leafhopper infectivity rates for use in combination with economic thresholds to trigger control measures.

Pests

Disclaimer: The active ingredients and efficacy ratings in this report are not recommendations. The information in this report was provided by the workshop participants as a cross-section of grower practices at that time. Please refer to the pesticide labels for recommendations.

Insects

Pest	Rank	Description	Symptoms	Chemical Control	Biological Control	Physical Control	Cultural Control
Onion maggot (Delia antiqua)
Thrips ( )
Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis)

Pathogens

Pest	Rank	Description	Symptoms	Chemical Control	Biological Control	Physical Control	Cultural Control
Bacterial soft rot (Pectobacterium carotovorum)
Botrytis leaf blight (Botrytis squamosa)
Botrytis leaf blight; ( )
Botrytis rot (Botrytis allii)
Center rot. (Pantoea ananatis)
Damping off ( )
Downy mildew ( )
Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea)
Neck rot, ( )
Onion smut (Urocystis cepulae)
Purple blotch ( )
Pythium diseases (Pythium spp.)
Rhizoctonia damping-off, blight and rot (Rhizoctonia solani)
Slippery skin, (Burkholderia gladioli)
Smut (Urocystis colchici)
Sour skin, (Burkholderia cepacia)
Stemphylium leaf blight and stalk rot (Stemphylium vesicarium)
White rot. (Stromatinia cepivora)

Weeds

Pest	Rank	Description	Symptoms	Chemical Control	Biological Control	Physical Control	Cultural Control
Annual broadleaves ( )
Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
Grasses ( )
Mustard (Brassica spp.)
Perennial broadleaves ( )
Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus)

Nematodes

Pest	Rank	Description	Symptoms	Chemical Control	Biological Control	Physical Control	Cultural Control
Alfalfa stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci)
Needle nematode ( )
Northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla)
Root lesion nematode ( )
Stubby root nematodes (Trichodorus spp.)

Chemical Controls

Fumigant

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	RAC
1,3-dichloropropene			542-75-6	29001
telone ii			542-75-6	29001

Fungicide

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	FRAC
azoxystrobin			131860-33-	128810
basic copper sulfate			8011-63-0	8101
boscalid			188425-85-	128008
captan			133-06-2	81301
carboxin			5234-68-4	90201
chloropicrin			76-06-2	81501
chlorothalonil			1897-45-6	81901
copper ammonium carbonate			33113-08-5	22703
copper hydroxide			20427-59-2	23401
copper resinate			9007-39-0	23104
cyazofamid			120116-88-	85651
cymoxanil			57966-95-7	129106
cyprodinil			121552-61-	288202
dcna			99-30-9	31301
dimethomorph			110488-70-	268800
famoxadone			131807-57-	113202
fenamidone			161326-34-	46679
fenhexamid			126833-17-	90209
fluazinam			79622-59-6	129098
fludioxonil			131341-86-	71503
fosetyl-al			39148-24-8	123301
harpin protein			151438-54-	6477
iprodione			36734-19-7	109801
mancozeb			8018-01-7	14504
maneb			12427-38-2	14505
mefenoxam			70630-17-0	113502
polyoxin d zinc salt			146659-78-	230000
pyraclostrobin			175013-18-	99100
pyrimethanil			53112-28-0	288201
thiophanate-methyl			23564-05-8	102001

Herbicide

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	HRAC
bromoxynil			1689-84-5	35301
buctril			56634-95-8	35302
clethodim			99129-21-2	121011
dimethenamide-p			163515-14-	120051
fluazifop-p-butyl			79241-46-6	122809
flufenacet			142459-58-	121903
flumioxazin			141490-50-	129034
fluroxypyr			69377-81-7	128959
glyphosate			1071-83-6	417300
oxyfluorfen			42874-03-3	111601
paraquat			4685-14-7	61603
pendimethalin			40487-42-1	108501
s-metolachlor			87392-12-9	108800
sethoxydim			74051-80-2	121001
sulfentrazone			122836-35-	129081

Insecticide

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	IRAC
bacillus subtilis			68038-70-0	0
chlorpyrifos			2921-88-2	59101
cypermethrin			52315-07-8	109702
cyromazine			66215-27-8	121301
diazinon			59928-80-2	57801
fipronil			120068-37-	129121
imidacloprid			138261-41-	129099
lambda-cyhalothrin			91465-08-6	128897
malathion (no inert use)			121-75-5	57701
methomyl			27519-02-4	90301
methyl parathion			298-00-0	53501
neem seed oil			8002-65-1	25006
oxamyl			23135-22-0	103801
permethrin			52645-53-1	109701
spinosad			168316-95-	110003
thiamethoxam			153719-23-	60109

Miticide

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	RAC
thiram			137-26-8	79801

Nematicide

Active Ingredient	Description	Brands	CAS	PC	Pests	REI (hrs)	PHI (days)	RAC
azadirachtin			108168-76-	121701
metam-sodium			137-42-8	39003

Efficacy

Disclaimer: The active ingredients and efficacy ratings in this report are not recommendations. The information in this report was provided by the workshop participants as a cross-section of grower practices at that time. Please refer to the pesticide labels for recommendations.

Insects

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Pathogens

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Weeds

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Nematodes

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Mites

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Wildlife

Pest	Active Ingredient	PC Code	CAS	Rating	Description/Comments/Resistance Issues
Alfalfa stem nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Annual broadleaves	bromoxynil	35301	1689-84-5		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Annual broadleaves	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence
Annual broadleaves	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Annual broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Annual broadleaves	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Annual broadleaves	oxyfluorfen	111601	42874-03-3		post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Annual broadleaves	pendimethalin	108501	40487-42-1		pre-emergence.
Annual broadleaves	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Bacterial soft rot	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Bacterial soft rot	copper sulfate			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Botrytis leaf blight;	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Botrytis leaf blight;	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam	113502	70630-17-0	Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Botrytis leaf blight;	onion leaf blightcast			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Good, 80-90%
Botrytis leaf blight;	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Center rot.	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Damping off	thiram	79801	137-26-8	Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Downy mildew	DCNA	31301	99-30-9	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	dimethomorph	268800	110488-70-5
Downy mildew	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Downy mildew	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Downy mildew	maneb (Maneb, Manex
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/copper hydroxide
Downy mildew	mefenoxam/mancozeb
Downy mildew	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Downy mildew	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Fair, 60-80%
Downy mildew	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	Clethodim	121011	99129-21-2	Fair, 60-80%	post-emergence
Grasses	Cover crops			Poor, 25-60%
Grasses	Crop Rotation			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	dimethenamid-p (			Good, 80-90%	Pre-emergence:
Grasses	fall tillage (in conjunction with herbicide treatment)			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	fluazifop-P-butyl	122809	79241-46-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	flufenacet	121903	142459-58-3	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	flumioxazin	129034	141490-50-8	Good, 80-90%
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Grasses	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	herbicide rotation to reduce resistance			Fair, 60-80%
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Grasses	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	sethoxydim	121001	74051-80-2	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	S-Metalachlor			Good, 80-90%	pre-emergence.no control over composites, wild carrot and nutsedge
Grasses	windbreaks			Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	Bacillus subtilis	0	68038-70-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	copper resinate	23104	9007-39-0	Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Neck rot,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Fair, 60-80%
Neck rot,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Neck rot,	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Neck rot,	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Needle nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	Crop Rotation			Excellent, 90-100%
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	pre-plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%	at plant
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%	post plants
Needle nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Northern root-knot nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	Crop Rotation			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	metam sodium			Good, 80-90%
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	at plant and post planting
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	post plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	at plant
Northern root-knot nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Onion maggot	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Good, 80-90%
Onion maggot	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Cyromazine	121301	66215-27-8	Excellent, 90-100%	seed treatment
Onion maggot	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Onion maggot	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor, 25-60%
Onion maggot	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8	Fair, 60-80%
Onion maggot	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	pre-plant
Perennial broadleaves	glyphosate	417300	1071-83-6	Excellent, 90-100%	post-emergence
Perennial broadleaves	Paraquat	61603	4685-14-7	Poor, 25-60%	post-emergence
Purple blotch	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	Boscalid	128008	188425-85-6
Purple blotch	chlorothalonil	81901	1897-45-6
Purple blotch	copper ammonium carbonate	22703	33113-08-5	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	copper sulfate			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Purple blotch	Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	Fosetyl-Al	123301	39148-24-8	Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	fosetyl-aluminum/maneb			Fair, 60-80%
Purple blotch	Harpin Protein	6477	151438-54-9	Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Purple blotch	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mancozeb/copper sulfate			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	mefenoxam/chlorothaloni			Good, 80-90%
Purple blotch	neem oil	0		Poor, 25-60%
Purple blotch	Pyraclostrobin	99100	175013-18-0	Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Purple blotch	pyrimethanil	288201	53112-28-0	Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	conditioner, trap and nematicidal			Good, 80-90%
Root lesion nematode	Crop Rotation			Poor, 25-60%
Root lesion nematode	metam sodium			Excellent, 90-100%
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Fair, 60-80%	pre-plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Good, 80-90%	at plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	very good	post plant
Root lesion nematode	oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Excellent, 90-100%	at plant and post planting
Slippery skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Smut	carboxin/thiram			Fair, 60-80%
Smut	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7	Excellent, 90-100%
Smut	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Fair, 60-80%
Sour skin,	copper hydroxide	23401	20427-59-2	Fair, 60-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	copper hydroxide/mancozeb			Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	iprodione	109801	36734-19-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	mancozeb	14504	8018-01-7
Stemphylium leaf blight,	maneb (Maneb, Manex			Good, 80-90%
Stemphylium leaf blight,	pyraclostrobin+boscalid			Excellent, 90-100%
Stubby root nematode	1,3-Dichloropropene	29001	542-75-6	Excellent, 90-100%
Thrips	Azadirachtin	121701	108168-76-9	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Chlorpyrifos	59101	2921-88-2	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	cypermethrin	109702	52315-07-8
Thrips	Diazinon	57801	59928-80-2	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	fipronil	129121	120068-37-3
Thrips	imidacloprid	129099	138261-41-3	Fair, 60-80%
Thrips	Lambda-cyhalothrin	128897	91465-08-6
Thrips	malathion	57701	121-75-5	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Methomyl	90301	27519-02-4	Good, 80-90%
Thrips	methyl parathion	53501	298-00-0	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Oxamyl	103801	23135-22-0	Poor, 25-60%
Thrips	Permethrin	109701	52645-53-1	Poor to Fair, 25-80%
Thrips	Spinosad	110003	168316-95-8
Thrips	thiamethoxam	60109	153719-23-4	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	azoxystrobin	128810	131860-33-8	Fair, 60-80%
White rot.	Thiophanate-methyl	102001	23564-05-8

Timelines