| Extension/Outreach |
1 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
It is critical that knowledgeable individual(s) be available that can study, analyze and react to
citrus pest management needs. |
| Extension/Outreach |
1 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Cultivation in citrus is an important weed management option. |
| Extension/Outreach |
2 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
There is a need for an organized system of crop managers that keeps pace with day to day
field level crop pest dynamics. |
| Extension/Outreach |
2 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Chemical control of weeds in citrus is important and may be the only control option
when water is being applied. |
| Extension/Outreach |
3 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The use of remote sensing technology is helpful in detecting blackfly infestations. |
| Extension/Outreach |
3 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Keeping citrus weed free in the winter is important in helping to prevent free
damage during marginal temperature periods. |
| Extension/Outreach |
4 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
It is critical that growers have a ready source of pest management information. On-line
computer-based bulletin boards or world wide web sites can provide this. Some readily
available printed material should also be available through county Extension offices. |
| Extension/Outreach |
4 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
An on going citrus herbicide screening program is important. |
| Extension/Outreach |
5 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
It is important to make available an annual citrus production educational program that
discusses the latest industry needs, trends and research developments. |
| Extension/Outreach |
5 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Weed control in young establishing orchards is essential. |
| Extension/Outreach |
6 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
It is important to keep records of orchard weed management practices to provide
information on species cycles and presence. |
| Extension/Outreach |
7 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The grower should remain in close contact with Extension educational programs to
keep abreast of area pest problems, trends, regulatory needs and management
opportunities. |
| Extension/Outreach |
8 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The availability of a quick acting, post emergence citrus herbicide is important to
help control unexpected flushes of weeds. |
| Regulatory |
1 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
A system is needed that has the capability of responding to regulatory issues that could
potentially impact citrus pest management implementation. |
| Regulatory |
2 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Regulations and procedures are needed to prevent exotic pests from entering Texas citrus
producing areas. |
| Regulatory |
3 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Quarantines to help prevent root weevil movement into non-infested areas are important. |
| Regulatory |
4 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
A control for the pathogenic fungus, Mycosphaerella citri which causes the disease greasy
spot is needed. A combination of affective materials is important because of potential
resistance. Registration of Enable is important. |
| Regulatory |
5 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
An adequate control for “root weevils” is needed. There is a current Section (18) for
bifenthrin (Capture 2EC). |
| Regulatory |
6 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Registration for fipronil for leaf-cutter ants is needed. Regulatory officials are encouraged
to move on this issue. |
| Regulatory |
7 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
An affective vine control method is needed for Texas citrus. |
| Regulatory |
8 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Pipeline materials for citrus mite control include spirodiclofen (Envidor®) and milbemectin
(Mesa™). |
| Regulatory |
9 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
A promising pipeline material for armored scales is the insect growth regulator (IGR)
(pyriproxyfen). |
| Regulatory |
10 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Pipeline material for leaf miners in citrus is the insect growth regulator (IGR) (pyriproxyfen)
and a mite fat metabolism antagonist, spirodiclofen (Envidor®). |
| Research |
1 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Microclimates exist in the Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley citrus producing region,
generally with an east to west trend. More information is needed on this phenomena’s
impact on pests and ultimately, pest management strategies. |
| Research |
1 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Key to pest management success is field level day to day knowledge of pests’ status where
grove monitoring or sampling provides the basic information for most pest management
related decisions. |
| Research |
1 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Consideration should be given to the need for orchard floor vegetation cover during
certain times of the year to afford habitats for certain parasites and predators of
citrus insect pests. |
| Research |
2 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The use of rootstock with acceptable disease tolerance and good horticultural characteristics
is an important ‘first-step’ in the implementation of citrus pest management. |
| Research |
2 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Many of the classical examples of biological control are found in US citrus. In Texas there
are numerous pests that are held below damaging levels by naturally occurring and imported
organisms. This is often a delicate balance and additional work is needed on the
establishment and maintenance of biological control organisms in Texas citrus. |
| Research |
2 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The availability of a quick acting, post emergence citrus herbicide is important to
help control unexpected flushes of weeds. |
| Research |
3 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Orchard site selection is important because of influences on irrigation, ease of pesticide
application and to minimize cold damage. |
| Research |
3 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Research is needed on the impact of insecticide applications on non-target organisms with
emphasis on recently discovered chemistries with novel and often selective modes of action. |
| Research |
3 |
Weeds |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Investigate the potential for using commercially available coverings to
keep row middles clean. |
| Research |
4 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
It is important to take steps to preserve beneficial organisms and monitor their status |
| Research |
4 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Many new pesticide chemistries have been developed in the past decade. Work is needed to
determine new pest management alternatives for problem organisms in Texas citrus. |
| Research |
5 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Pest management strategies for aphids may become increasingly important. |
| Research |
5 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
When chemical applications are warranted, use products that are economical and efficacious
that will have a minimal off-target impact. |
| Research |
6 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Recognize that a pest management strategy may be crop specific but must contain strategies
(sub strategies) for each organism (pest) negatively impacting the crop while continuously
being respondent to the needs and demands of a modern society. |
| Research |
7 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Funding is needed for nonchemical pest management research strategies, such as: biocontrol
programs (predators, parasites, pathogens, and biocontrol materials), habitats of beneficials,
mating disruption, and resistant varieties. |
| Research |
8 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Critical to the Texas citrus industry is the availability of certified, virus-free budwood for
citrus cultivars that are commercially important. |
| Research |
9 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Improved sampling techniques are needed for early detection of melanose. |
| Research |
10 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Improved methods for detecting CTV infected citrus, particularly at the field level. |
| Research |
11 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
More work is needed on citrus psorosis transmission. |
| Research |
12 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Increase the number of certified viroid free budwood sources. |
| Research |
13 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Investigate the potential for using commercially available coverings to keep citrus row
middles clean. |
| Research |
14 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Research is needed on quick acting post emergence herbicide to help control unexpected
flushes of weeds in citrus groves. |
| Research |
15 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Entomopathogenic nematodes could be an important root weevil biological control. Texas
research in this area is needed. |
| Research |
16 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
The role fire ants play in root weevil mortality needs to be investigated. |
| Research |
17 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Improved control of leaf cutter ants is needed. |
| Research |
18 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Work is needed on the management of vines in citrus groves. |
| Research |
19 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Sampling methods for citrus pests needs to be improved, especially for minor pests. |
| Research |
20 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Research and demonstration work is needed on modern crop oils, their impact on citrus trees
and role when used in conjunction with newer classes of pesticides. |
| Research |
21 |
All |
|
6- to 12-Inch Shoot |
Investigations are needed into citrus mites’ natural mortality factors to determine impact on
population dynamics focusing on situations that occur during outbreaks and relationship(s) to
damage.
Extension (Education) Needs:
• It is critical that knowledgeable individual(s) be available that can study, analyze and react to
citrus pest management needs.
• There is a need for an organized system of crop managers that keeps pace with day to day
field level crop pest dynamics.
• The use of remote sensing technology is helpful in detecting blackfly infestations.
• It is critical that growers have a ready source of pest management information. On-line
computer-based bulletin boards or world wide web sites can provide this. Some readily
available printed material should also be available through county Extension offices.
• It is important to make available an annual citrus production educational program that
discusses the latest industry needs, trends and research developments. |