PMSP for Plum Production in California

Priorities

Category Rank Pest Type Pest Crop Stage Priority
Extension/Outreach 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Conduct resistance management training for all pest categories
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Conduct June beetle research in areas with sandy soils (biology and management)
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Conduct technology transfer meetings to integrate new materials into new IPM programs
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Provide training on the use of mating disruption techniques and potential problems for late season varieties and for OFM control
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Provide growers with resistance management education
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Continue grower education on alternatives to organophosphates, carbamates, and other reduced risk practices such as pheromones
Extension/Outreach 1 Nematodes Continue updates on need for nematode management and provide information on new products and techniques
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Continue education on the importance of safe handling and sanitation in the field and packing houses
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Provide resistance management training for fungicide use
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Educate growers and PCAs on the value of older chemistry in IPM of diseases
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Provide training on irrigation management and planting techniques to reduce soilborne and waterborne disease on roots and crowns
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Continue education for disease resistance
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers and PCAs on the value of older chemistry in IPM of diseases
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Educate growers and PCAs on environmental awareness for air quality and TMDL runoff issues; provide training on mitigation techniques
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Educate growers on proper application conditions and restrictions for Vapam® and Telone
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Provide education on the need for monitoring and proper weed identification
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers on proper application conditions and restrictions for Vapam® and Telone
Extension/Outreach 1 Wildlife Provide new product and vertebrate control training for growers and PCAs on an annual basis
Extension/Outreach 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate the regulatory community on the need for all pest management tools including traditional organophosphate pesticides, which are a critical component of a reduced risk pest management program
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Provide training on the use of mating disruptions
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Continue to educate growers on reduced risk options including mating disruption, use of microbials, etc.
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Emphasize resistance management/alternating materials, especially for SJS
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Educate growers and PCAs on monitoring for rust, rust control alternatives, and timings
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Provide training on fungicide application timing
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Provide irrigation management for preventing soilborne disease
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Provide resistance management training to maintain efficacy of all new and existing fungicides
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers and PCAs on monitoring for rust, rust control alternatives, and timing
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Train on the proper timing of deep irrigation to manage weed cycles
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Educate growers and PCAs on new sprayer and application technologies which are commercially available
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Provide training on the timing of post-emergence herbicide applications
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Increase awareness for monitoring and weed identification
Extension/Outreach 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate applicators/growers on safe and efficient application techniques
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Educate APHIS on systems approaches to insect pest management
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Provide training on the great need for monitoring throughout the year for all pests; stress the importance of this practice to coordinating the pest management activities for multiple pests
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Provide training on the use of spur sampling as a tool in SJS management
Extension/Outreach 3 Pathogens Provide training for growers and PCAs to increase awareness of the resistance problem and how it can be managed
Extension/Outreach 3 Pathogens Provide training on alternatives such as Serenade® and Trilogy
Extension/Outreach 3 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Provide training for growers and PCAs to increase awareness of the resistance problem and how it can be managed
Extension/Outreach 3 Weeds Provide updates on new application techniques for herbicides
Extension/Outreach 3 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers and PCAs on environmental awareness for air quality and TMDL runoff issues; provide training on mitigation techniques
Extension/Outreach 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate growers, PCAs, and commodity members on the use of best management practices to protect and improve water and soil quality
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Provide users with Acramite® use rates
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Provide training on timing and methodology of applications for maximum control of orchard pests
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers and PCAs on the need for leaf clean-up to control katydids
Extension/Outreach 4 Pathogens Provide training on proper irrigation timings and techniques as tools for managing disease
Extension/Outreach 4 Pathogens Educate growers, PCAs, and packing house personnel on the use of best management practices (BMPs) as they relate to post-harvest disease control
Extension/Outreach 4 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Provide training on proper irrigation timings and techniques as tools for managing disease
Extension/Outreach 4 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Train on the proper timing of deep irrigation to manage weed cycles
Extension/Outreach 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate the public on the nutritional values of California grown plums and their high level of food safety and quality
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Provide training on resistance management
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Educate regulators on the need for 7-10 day PHIs in IPM programs
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Provide training on pruning and the need to avoid pruning during excessively wet periods
Extension/Outreach 6 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Educate growers and PCAs on OP runoff issues and provide training on mitigation measures (TMDL)
Extension/Outreach 7 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Provide training on resistance management, especially for scale control
Regulatory 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Work to make labels more realistic in terms of grower practices; need products with PHIs of less than 7 days
Regulatory 1 Insects Relax restriction on diazinon applications because the fruit is gone and there are few, if any, residue or worker issues
Regulatory 1 Insects Register Confirm®, Agrimek®, and Intrepid®
Regulatory 1 Insects Reduce PHIs to 7 to 10 days; 21-day PHIs render products useless in IPM programs
Regulatory 1 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Check on the registration status of Applaud®
Regulatory 1 Nematodes Promote closer coordination between CDPR and US EPA to hasten registration efforts of all products
Regulatory 1 Nematodes Register alternatives to Nemacur
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Establish Codex MRL for Scholar
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Register new “reduced risk” fungicides
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Emphasize the value of older chemistry in orchard disease management and IPM programs
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Register new nematicides as soon as possible due to impending loss of methyl bromide
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Emphasize the value of older chemistry in orchard disease management and IPM programs
Regulatory 1 Weeds Work to make labels more realistic in terms of grower practices; need products with PHIs of less than 7 days
Regulatory 1 Weeds Develop township cap relief for Telone® and increase label rates for efficacy
Regulatory 1 Weeds Gramoxone® (paraquat dichloride) re-entry restrictions are inconsistent – need to shelter PHIs
Regulatory 1 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Gramoxone® (paraquat dichloride) re-entry restrictions are inconsistent – need to shelter PHIs
Regulatory 1 Wildlife Work with CDFA to register and develop distribution system for vertebrate controls (as in the past)
Regulatory 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Maintain oil registrations or find suitable replacements for insect and mite control
Regulatory 2 Insects Obtain in-season registration for Esteem
Regulatory 2 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Maintain availability of diazinon for dormant applications
Regulatory 2 Nematodes Educate regulators on benefits of pre-plant pest management (chemical) and the role nematicides play in IPM and reduction of the overall pesticide load in the environment
Regulatory 2 Pathogens Fast track alternative registrations for fungicides
Regulatory 2 Weeds Shorten PHI for Roundup® through existing IR-4 project
Regulatory 2 Weeds Develop restriction relief /buffer zones for Vapam
Regulatory 2 Weeds Develop township cap relief for Telone® and increase label rates for efficacy
Regulatory 2 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Develop township cap relief for Telone® and increase label rates for efficacy
Regulatory 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Retain key products which are complementary to current IPM tactics and which address resistance management concerns
Regulatory 3 Insects Resolve PHI and REI issues associated with Imidan
Regulatory 3 Weeds Reduce the PHI for Gramoxone®
Regulatory 3 Weeds Develop restriction relief /buffer zones for Vapam
Regulatory 3 Weeds Encourage and facilitate registration of methyl bromide alternatives
Regulatory 3 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Develop restriction relief /buffer zones for Vapam®
Regulatory 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Establish prescriptive uses for certain key pest management tools (e.g., organophosphates, carbamates, etc.) to complement IPM tactics and to serve as backup products in critical pest management situations
Regulatory 4 Insects Retain OPs and carbamates as tools to fit within a systems approach; register OP and carbamate alternatives as soon as possible
Regulatory 4 Weeds Check PHI status of Rely®, Visor®, and Chateau®
Regulatory 4 Weeds Register Simazine® replacement material
Regulatory 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Register organophosphate and carbamate alternatives as soon as possible; utilize the IR-4 priority system for research on reduced risk materials
Regulatory 5 Insects Develop “prescriptive use” or “critical use exemption” program for use of “old” tools to be used in certain extreme and critical situations when reduced risk programs are not effective or severe infestations of pests occur
Regulatory 5 Weeds Request registrants make PHIs more consistent throughout stonefruit commodities
Regulatory 5 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Request registrants make PHIs more consistent throughout stonefruit commodities
Regulatory 6 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Harmonize Cal/EPA and US EPA review process to hasten new product registrations
Regulatory 6 Weeds Increase Gramoxone® applications allowed per year; currently have only 3
Regulatory 6 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Increase Gramoxone® applications allowed per year; currently have only 3
Regulatory 7 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Identify potential trade irritants as early as possible in the research and registration process; insure there are no conflicts with provisions of NAFTA or Codex
Regulatory 7 Weeds Change REI on Gramoxone® so that it does not exceed 48 hours
Regulatory 7 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Change REI on Gramoxone® so that it does not exceed 48 hours
Regulatory 8 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop best management practices (BMPs) and environmental mitigation measures to address air and water quality concerns and other issues related to natural resources management
Regulatory 8 Weeds Encourage and facilitate registration of methyl bromide alternatives
Regulatory 8 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Encourage and facilitate registration of methyl bromide alternatives
Regulatory 9 Weeds Register Visor® (thiazopyr) and Chateau
Regulatory 9 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Register Visor® (thiazopyr) and Chateau
Research 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Evaluate and develop new control methods for pre- and post-harvest disease control
Research 1 Insects Evaluate efficacy and cost effectiveness of using pheromones in nonbearing orchards
Research 1 Insects Establish biological parasite for OFM
Research 1 Insects Evaluate Assail® (acetamiprid) and Avaunt® for control of OFM, PTB, codling moth, thrips, and scales
Research 1 Insects Evaluate resistance development potential with Success®
Research 1 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Develop population threshold for SJS to trigger chemical treatment
Research 1 Nematodes Evaluate DiTera® for nematode control
Research 1 Nematodes Evaluate DiTera® for nematode control
Research 1 Pathogens Study pit hardening/powdery mildew relationship to optimize control
Research 1 Pathogens Evaluate and develop systemic fungicides to provide consistent disease control and avoid resistance
Research 1 Pathogens Evaluate sulfur and liquid lime sulfur for late fall powdery mildew control
Research 1 Pathogens Develop techniques or products to manage the replant problem
Research 1 Pathogens Evaluate biocontrols (e.g., Trichoderma spp.) for oak root fungus
Research 1 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate sulfur and liquid lime sulfur for late fall powdery mildew control
Research 1 Weeds Evaluate and develop reduced risk contact herbicides which are safe for bees
Research 1 Weeds Evaluate new pre-emergence herbicides
Research 1 Weeds Evaluate new herbicides including Visor® and Rely®
Research 1 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate new herbicides including Visor® and Rely
Research 1 Wildlife Evaluate/develop new management tools for squirrels
Research 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop methyl bromide alternatives for quarantine treatments
Research 2 Insects Develop spur sampling techniques and economic thresholds for SJS
Research 2 Insects Evaluate new application techniques to optimize product efficacy
Research 2 Insects Evaluate resistance to IGRs, pyrethroids and develop resistance management programs
Research 2 Insects Monitor resistance levels in field populations of insects and mites to all currently used insecticides and miticides
Research 2 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate the oil/water ratio for optimal scale control
Research 2 Nematodes Develop nematode resistant root stocks
Research 2 Nematodes Evaluate alternatives to Nemacur®
Research 2 Pathogens Evaluate biocontrols (e.g., Trichoderma spp.) for oak root fungus
Research 2 Pathogens Develop alternatives for post-harvest fungicide use, e.g., heat treatments, ethanol, irradiation, etc.
Research 2 Pathogens Evaluate plum varieties for susceptibility to shot hole
Research 2 Pathogens Evaluate new methods of nematode contro
Research 2 Pathogens Evaluate additional systemic brown rot materials
Research 2 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate plum varieties for susceptibility to shot hole
Research 2 Weeds Develop improved technologies for drip systems, chemigation, and subsurface irrigation
Research 2 Weeds Develop methyl bromide alternatives for fumigation
Research 2 Weeds Evaluate new chemistries for fleabane control
Research 2 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate new chemistries for fleabane control
Research 2 Wildlife Evaluate efficacy of propane/oxygen blasting devices
Research 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop methyl bromide alternatives for pre-plant treatments
Research 3 Insects Extend mating disruption for OFM, TMDL (total daily maximum load) management
Research 3 Insects Conduct June beetle research in areas with sandy soils (biology and management)
Research 3 Insects Continue mating disruption research to improve efficacy
Research 3 Insects Study secondary pest biology and management (e.g., katydids)
Research 3 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate and develop effective, economical alternatives that have a safer environmental spectrum
Research 3 Nematodes Develop new nematicides (chemical and biological)
Research 3 Nematodes Evaluate the use of mulching techniques for nematode control
Research 3 Pathogens Evaluate additional systemic brown rot materials
Research 3 Pathogens Develop alternatives for post-harvest fungicide use, e.g., heat treatments, ethanol, irradiation, etc.
Research 3 Pathogens Evaluate rust control alternatives and timings
Research 3 Pathogens Develop disease resistant root stock
Research 3 Pathogens Evaluate and develop additional multi-site mode of action materials
Research 3 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate rust control alternatives and timings
Research 3 Weeds Develop guidelines for spot treatments of herbicides
Research 3 Weeds Develop “seed bank” based herbicide recommendations
Research 3 Weeds Find Simazine® replacement material
Research 3 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Find Simazine® replacement material
Research 3 Wildlife Evaluate effectiveness of owl boxes
Research 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Evaluate and develop alternatives to oils for insect and mite control
Research 4 Insects Evaluate Shark® followed by Roundup® for bindweed control
Research 4 Insects Evaluate new IGRs
Research 4 Insects Continue research on mating disruption and reducing costs of these products
Research 4 Insects Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate cryolite as a dormant season application for PTB
Research 4 Nematodes Conduct more research on Enzone® to improve efficacy and consistency activity on nematodes
Research 4 Pathogens Evaluate and develop additional multi-site mode of action materials
Research 4 Pathogens Study pest biologies to optimize disease management
Research 4 Pathogens Evaluate and develop more “reduced risk” fungicides
Research 4 Pathogens Test new materials for late fall diseases, particularly shot hole and leaf curl
Research 4 Pathogens Evaluate microbial antagonists and other biological products
Research 4 Pathogens Stem Elongation To Full Branching Test new materials for late fall diseases, particularly shot hole and leaf curl
Research 4 Weeds Conduct needed research to shorten the PHIs for Roundup® and Gramoxone
Research 4 Weeds Develop new sprayer technology (precision ag, etc.) to improve herbicide placement and efficacy
Research 4 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Evaluate Shark® followed by Roundup® for bindweed control
Research 4 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Register Simazine® replacement material
Research 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop best management practices (BMPs) and mitigation measures for environmental issues
Research 5 Insects Develop methyl bromide alternatives for fumigation
Research 5 Insects Evaluate Acramite® (bifenazate) for best rate to use
Research 5 Insects Evaluate and improve the field stability of sprayable pheromones
Research 5 Pathogens Improve timing for fungicide applications
Research 5 Pathogens Evaluate systemic alternatives
Research 5 Pathogens Develop technologies to increase field persistence of microbial materials
Research 5 Pathogens Evaluate and develop more “reduced risk” fungicides
Research 5 Weeds Evaluate Gramoxone® and Rely® for fleabane control (alone and in tank mix)
Research 5 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Develop methyl bromide alternatives for fumigation
Research 6 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Assess economic and environmental costs of all pest management tools
Research 6 Insects Coordinate research efforts of UC researchers, ARS, CSU, registrants, and commodity groups so that efforts are not duplicated
Research 6 Insects Evaluate Fipronil® for thrips and true bugs
Research 6 Insects Re-evaluate degree day application timing for IGRs to improve efficacy
Research 6 Pathogens Evaluate new rootstocks for improved bacterial control
Research 6 Pathogens Improve timing for fungicide applications
Research 6 Weeds Develop weed control tactics suitable for use in organic production (e.g., mulches)
Research 6 Weeds Stem Elongation To Full Branching Coordinate research efforts of UC researchers, ARS, CSU, registrants, and commodity groups so that efforts are not duplicated
Research 7 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Improve application technology, especially for newer materials
Research 7 Insects Evaluate cover crop interactions with thrips
Research 7 Insects Conduct research on basic pest biologies to increase the effectiveness of all pest management tools
Research 7 Pathogens Evaluate new rootstocks for improved bacterial control
Research 8 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Maintain or enhance university research programs for IPM
Research 8 Insects Enhance and develop trapping techniques for key insect pests
Research 9 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Provide access to research funding directly through commodity organizations (CTFA, etc.) in addition to continued support of the Land Grant University system for research and extension activities
Research 9 Insects Determine how the field persistence of microbial insecticides can be increased
Research 10 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop pest-resistant plum rootstocks for disease control
Research 10 Insects Evaluate and commercially develop insecticides with low PHIs
Research 11 Insects Evaluate the efficacy of Dimilin®, Confirm®, Intrepid®, and other IGRs for control of PTB and katydids