PMSP for PNW Small Grains (Wheat and Barley) Excluding Idaho Wheat

Priorities

Category Rank Pest Type Pest Crop Stage Priority
Extension/Outreach 1 All Identify and understand causes of lodging.
Extension/Outreach 1 All Provide growers with information to encourage late-season weed control (weed seed and green bridge issues).
Extension/Outreach 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Clarify soil movement/residue management as they relate to Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) regulations.
Extension/Outreach 1 All R1 Improve buyer acceptance of protectants/fumigants through consumer education.
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Communicate economic thresholds to growers.
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Educate growers about monitoring aphids and the implications of aphid population fluctua
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Learn in-field identification of wireworms.
Extension/Outreach 1 Insects Bud Formation To Flowering Educate growers on biology, life cycle, monitoring of cutworms, wireworms, grasshoppers.
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Educate EPA regarding higher costs of new replacement chemicals.
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Educate growers about fertility management’s effect on disease management.
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Provide education to growers to assist in identification of Rhizoctonia and Fusarium and the awareness of underlying causes.
Extension/Outreach 1 Pathogens Bud Formation To Flowering Educate growers on the importance of seed treatments; they are relatively cheap, and a good insurance policy.
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Provide information to growers for understanding which labels are legal for use.
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Disseminate information on the value of planting certified, weed-free seed.
Extension/Outreach 1 Weeds Educate growers on plant-back restrictions based on soil type, pH, and soil moisture.
Extension/Outreach 2 All Disseminate information about tillage impacts on pests and beneficials.
Extension/Outreach 2 All Distribute available information about timing and techniques for swathing wheat and barley.
Extension/Outreach 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Continue to educate growers and crop advisors about identifying, detecting, and monitoring insects, weeds, and diseases (i.e., continuous IPM education).
Extension/Outreach 2 All R1 Increase grower awareness and knowledge of cost benefit of on-farm storage.
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Educate growers about the life cycle, biology, and overwintering habits of key insect pests.
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Distribute mealybug information to growers so they will be better prepared to scout early season.
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Develop and disseminate treatment guidelines for wireworm control.
Extension/Outreach 2 Insects Bud Formation To Flowering Share Montana's army cutworm and pale western cutworm model with rest of the PNW.
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Educate growers on residue management’s impact on disease incidence.
Extension/Outreach 2 Pathogens Identify and understand causes of other prevalent diseases.
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Learn to identify, monitor, and prevent invasive weed species.
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Emphasize the importance of up-to-date and legal labels.
Extension/Outreach 2 Weeds Educate growers about the relationship of pest complexes and management systems.
Extension/Outreach 3 All Provide growers with education regarding residue management for impact on diseases.
Extension/Outreach 3 All Increase grower education concerning nitrate testing for cereal forage.
Extension/Outreach 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate growers on plant-back restrictions and the importance of crop rotation and recordkeeping.
Extension/Outreach 3 All R1 Increase grower awareness and knowledge of cost benefit of aeration for insect/disease control.
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Increase grower education regarding monitoring, timing, and application techniques.
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Educate growers about the use of grasshopper maps to aid in monitoring.
Extension/Outreach 3 Insects Educate growers about the life cycle and biology of major pests
Extension/Outreach 3 Pathogens Educate growers about direct seeding and ways to improve and preserve the soil resource.
Extension/Outreach 3 Weeds Understand identification of weed stage for proper control
Extension/Outreach 3 Weeds Increase awareness of the benefits and drawbacks of use of herbicideresistant crops.
Extension/Outreach 3 Weeds Educate pesticide users on the proper timing of herbicide applications to match weed growth stage.
Extension/Outreach 4 All Disseminate information about WSS biology and management.
Extension/Outreach 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate growers on pesticide application rates and timing and the impacts of these actions on pest control.
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Deliver monitoring techniques and information.
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Increase public education of the use of resistant varieties for management of wheat stem sawfly.
Extension/Outreach 4 Insects Provide insect identification education.
Extension/Outreach 4 Pathogens Educate growers on how to monitor diseases, especially rusts, and how to determine whether or not and when to use fungicides to control rusts.
Extension/Outreach 4 Weeds Learn proper use of herbicide-resistant crops
Extension/Outreach 4 Weeds Educate growers on herbicide resistance (e.g., modes of action, types).
Extension/Outreach 4 Weeds Increase grower education about herbicide drift and other offsite movement prevention.
Extension/Outreach 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Educate growers on resistance management for weed and insect control.
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Disseminate information on prediction of damaging insect populations
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Educate growers about mealybug identification and monitoring.
Extension/Outreach 5 Insects Disseminate and explain information regarding invasive new pests.
Extension/Outreach 5 Weeds Provide access to good, accurate information on herbicide efficacy for side-by-side comparisons.
Extension/Outreach 5 Weeds Educate growers on herbicide resistance (e.g., modes of action, types).
Extension/Outreach 6 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Provide outreach to public on crop protection products and novel traits (e.g., GMO, herbicide tolerance).
Extension/Outreach 6 Insects Provide training in pesticide resistance management.
Extension/Outreach 6 Weeds Understand Clearfield technology.
Extension/Outreach 6 Weeds Develop and provide more information to growers about interpretation of human health/toxicity information.
Extension/Outreach 7 Insects Educate growers about the preservation of beneficials by avoiding misapplication, over-application.
Extension/Outreach 7 Weeds Improve grower/public education on novel trait crops (e.g., Clearfield, GMO).
Extension/Outreach 8 Insects Educate EPA/USDA on real-world timing of worker activities so they understand human health risks (e.g., it’s a mechanically harvested crop, it’s aerially applied).
Extension/Outreach 9 Insects Educate growers on the impacts cereal leaf beetle and black grass bug have on grain quality.
Regulatory 1 All Maintain registrations of existing controls and pursue additional registrations for perennial weed control.
Regulatory 1 All Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good management practices.
Regulatory 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Monitor, prevent, and control invasive species, especially on public lands.
Regulatory 1 All R1 Facilitate full registration for deltamethrin (Storcide 2).
Regulatory 1 Insects Retain OP registrations (esp. dimethoate for wheat and disulfoton for barley and wheat) for cost-effective control and resistance management of insect pests in wheat and barley.
Regulatory 1 Insects Monitor invasive species (quarantine issues)
Regulatory 1 Insects Maintain lindane (Lindane) registration or expedite economical alternatives, especially for wireworm contro
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Improve seed certification and testing programs to improve management and reduction of diseases.
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Consider means of controlling the problems created by green bridge within the field and in surrounding areas.
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Shorten PHI for azoxystrobin (Quadris) and pyroclostrobin (Headline) for mold color control in barley.
Regulatory 1 Pathogens Bud Formation To Flowering Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good disease management practices
Regulatory 1 Weeds Provide easier access to current, legal pesticide labels.
Regulatory 1 Weeds Expedite registration of triallate (Far-Go) alternatives.
Regulatory 1 Weeds Identify genetically modified crop production zones.
Regulatory 1 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Expedite full registration for metribuzin + flufenacet (Axiom DF), currently used under Section 18.
Regulatory 1 Wildlife Expedite full registration of pellet formation of zinc phosphide (Prozap).
Regulatory 2 All Maintain registrations of existing controls and pursue additional registrations for annual weed control (e.g., kochia, Russian thistle) in cases of severe infestation.
Regulatory 2 All Re-evaluate regulations concerning field burning.
Regulatory 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Work with EPA to create a “Small Grains” sub-grouping within the “Grains” group.
Regulatory 2 All R1 Assuage quarantine issues for cereal leaf beetle.
Regulatory 2 Insects Address California and Canada quarantine against cereal leaf beetle.
Regulatory 2 Insects Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good insect management practices.
Regulatory 2 Insects Control insects on public land.
Regulatory 2 Pathogens Facilitate pesticide registration harmonization between U.S. and Canada.
Regulatory 2 Pathogens Facilitate registration of alternatives to glyphosate (Roundup) for quick kill of green bridge with short breakdown time.
Regulatory 2 Pathogens Pursue tebuconazole (Folicur) as an alternate mode of action to azoxystrobin (Quadris) for resistance management.
Regulatory 2 Weeds Define pre-plant period for herbicide labels.
Regulatory 2 Weeds Work with regulatory agencies to manage spread of invasive weeds on public and private land
Regulatory 2 Weeds Maintain a wide variety of herbicide registrations and options, which are needed due to wide variations between production zones and regulations across the PNW. This includes the ability to deal with unique weed control issues with Special Local Needs (SLN) registrations.
Regulatory 2 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Expedite registration for alternative to triallate (Far-Go) for wild oat control.
Regulatory 2 Wildlife Expedite registration of impregnated-wheat-seed (bait) formulation of zinc phosphide.
Regulatory 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Improve pesticide label clarity (e.g., include herbicide resistance management, reasons for plant-back restrictions, and mode of action).
Regulatory 3 All R1 Facilitate pesticide registration harmonization with Canada.
Regulatory 3 Insects Register lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior) and zeta cypermethrin (Mustang) on barley.
Regulatory 3 Insects Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good insect management practices.
Regulatory 3 Pathogens Maintain current registrations of seed treatment chemicals and expedite registration of new seed treatments.
Regulatory 3 Pathogens Facilitate tebuconazole (Folicur) registration for wheat and barley to control stripe rust.
Regulatory 3 Weeds Provide guidance for pesticide label clarity and uniformity.
Regulatory 3 Weeds Strengthen seed certification program.
Regulatory 3 Weeds Facilitate development of tools for monitoring, preventing, and controlling invasive weed species.
Regulatory 3 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Expedite registration of flufenacet (Define); in IR-4 pipeline.
Regulatory 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Preserve organophosphate (OP) registrations, especially dimethoate (Dimethoate, Digon) on wheat and disulfoton (Di-Syston) on barley and wheat.
Regulatory 4 Insects Facilitate registration of biopesticides for both wheat and barley (some may be in IR-4 pipeline, but not for wheat or barley)
Regulatory 4 Pathogens Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good disease management practices.
Regulatory 4 Pathogens Allow application of insecticides in furrow for control of vector insects.
Regulatory 4 Weeds Include chemical mode of action on the pesticide label to aid in resistance management.
Regulatory 4 Weeds Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good weed control practices.
Regulatory 4 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Expand registration of sulfentrazone (Spartan) for the control of Russian thistle in wheat; in IR-4 pipeline.
Regulatory 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Expedite export tolerances of chlorpyrifos methyl + cyfluthrin (Storicide).
Regulatory 5 Insects Pursue full registration of diflubenzuron (Dimilin) for grasshopper control.
Regulatory 5 Pathogens Allow in-furrow application of fungicides.
Regulatory 5 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good weed management practices.
Regulatory 6 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Expedite the registration of lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior) and zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang) on barley.
Regulatory 6 Insects Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good insect management practices.
Regulatory 6 Pathogens Obtain full registration of difenoconazole + metalaxyl-M (Dividend) as a seed treatment for barley
Regulatory 6 Weeds Provide the reason for plant-back restrictions on pesticide label.
Regulatory 7 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Maintain existing fungicide seed treatment registrations and expedite new registrations.
Regulatory 7 Pathogens Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good disease management practices
Regulatory 7 Weeds Provide information about pesticide storage of pesticides (e.g., how does freezing affect the chemical?) on pesticide label.
Regulatory 8 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Accelerate registration of metribuzin + flufenacet (Axiom DF) and flufenacet (Define) for wheat and registration of flufenacet (Define) for barley.
Regulatory 8 Weeds Work with NRCS to adjust residue management and CRP guidelines when conflicting with good weed management practices.
Regulatory 9 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Facilitate pesticide tolerance harmonization across borders.
Regulatory 10 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Clarify soil movement/residue management as they relate to Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) regulations.
Regulatory 10 Pathogens Evaluate new fungicides for potential to control strawbreaker foot rot (eyespot); resistant varieties cannot always be used.
Research 1 All Evaluate the cost benefit of swathing for insect (esp. mealybug, WSS) control.
Research 1 All Study significance of weeds and residue as overwintering sites for beneficial predators.
Research 1 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Continue research on pesticide resistance management.
Research 1 All R1 Research alternatives for all products in stored grain.
Research 1 Insects Refine thresholds for cereal insects (including cereal leaf beetles, grasshoppers, cutworms, sawflies, and aphids), taking crop growth stage, region, end use, and watering system (dryland/irrigated) into consideration.
Research 1 Insects Investigate impacts of residue management on insect populations.
Research 1 Insects Investigate rates, residual, and efficacy of registered and non-registered insecticides to control wireworms and mealybugs.
Research 1 Insects Bud Formation To Flowering Improve monitoring for cutworms, wireworms, and grasshoppers.
Research 1 Pathogens Look at population diversity within each species of Pythium to determine if all are equally virulent.
Research 1 Pathogens Continue research on seed treatments; in particular, find a chemical that is systemic down into the roots, because current systemics move from the seed into the developing shoot.
Research 1 Pathogens Continue and strengthen research into disease epidemiology, race identification, resistant variety development, and integrated control strategies including appropriate use of effective fungicides for stripe rusts.
Research 1 Pathogens Bud Formation To Flowering Develop faster-emerging cultivars or cultivars that can emerge from a deep planting (key in low rainfall areas where growers often plant deep to access moisture).
Research 1 Weeds Investigate drill disturbance impacts.
Research 1 Weeds Research chemical fallow methods.
Research 1 Weeds Understand factors contributing to ineffectiveness of weed management controls: environment, application technology, application timing, use of surfactants, temperature, pH, humidity, and dust.
Research 1 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Work with Bayer to determine proper herbicide rates for pre-emergence control needs; metribuzin + flufenacet (Axiom DF) appears to be most efficacious combination, but must be cost-effective.
Research 2 All Evaluate the cost benefit of swathing in general.
Research 2 All Study significance of weeds and residue as overwintering sites for pest insects.
Research 2 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Refine monitoring and treatment guidelines for integrated pest management (IPM); improve predictive and monitoring tools for pests.
Research 2 All R1 Research alternatives to chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan).
Research 2 Insects Pursue USDA funding to assist in establishing and maintaining insectaries for parasitic predators to control cereal leaf beetle.
Research 2 Insects Research overwintering biology and life cycles of economically damaging insect pests.
Research 2 Insects Develop mealybug control strategies through seed treatment and/or systemic insecticides.
Research 2 Insects Bud Formation To Flowering Validate cutworm prediction models.
Research 2 Pathogens Develop resistant varieties and fungicides for stripe rust and foot rot (eyespot) to replace benomyl (Benlate).
Research 2 Pathogens Continue development of disease-resistant varieties for rusts, strawbreaker foot rot (eyespot), Cephalosporium stripe, snow molds, wheat streak mosaic, and take-all.
Research 2 Pathogens Conduct adequate research on leaf rust and stem rust, especially with reference to resistant cultivars.
Research 2 Pathogens Bud Formation To Flowering Develop control options for soilborne diseases (in priority order): Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, take-all.
Research 2 Weeds Research optimal seeding rates, depths, and dates combined with fertilizer information.
Research 2 Weeds Study weed seed bank dynamics.
Research 2 Weeds Develop herbicides without plant-back restrictions affecting rotations.
Research 2 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Develop data needed to support registration of flufenacet (Define) for control of downy brome, rattail fescue, and Italian ryegrass in wheat and winter barley.
Research 3 All Develop tools to predict WSS infestation for harvest management.
Research 3 All Study the at-harvest tillage impact on WSS, grasshoppers, and cutworms.
Research 3 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Research new IPM practices to expand current IPM program in small grain crop rotation systems.
Research 3 All R1 Research alternatives to aluminum phosphide (Phostoxin) for bin and transportation treatment.
Research 3 Insects Develop alternatives to current OP and carbamate insecticides.
Research 3 Insects Develop monitoring systems for prediction of insect infestations.
Research 3 Insects Investigate effective tools for reduction of cutworm damage.
Research 3 Insects Bud Formation To Flowering Refine treatment guidelines for cutworms, wireworms, and grasshoppers.
Research 3 Pathogens Identify resistant germplasm and more resistance genes to be used in breeding programs.
Research 3 Pathogens Develop more control options for soilborne diseases (in priority order): Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, take-all.
Research 3 Pathogens Research control options for soilborne diseases (in priority order): Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, take-all.
Research 3 Weeds Develop competitive cultivar traits.
Research 3 Weeds Find a long-term replacement for/alternative to glyphosate (Roundup).
Research 3 Weeds Manage herbicide-resistant weeds, especially Italian ryegrass, Russian thistle, dicamba-resistant kochia, wild oats, prickly lettuce, and mayweed chamomile.
Research 3 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Investigate herbicides with alternative modes of action for resistance management.
Research 4 All Investigate methods to conserve WSS natural enemies.
Research 4 All Research straw management as a control for mealybug and cereal leaf beetle.
Research 4 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop biocontrol programs to augment current IPM practices.
Research 4 Insects Investigate efficacy and use of refugia areas for key insect pests
Research 4 Insects Develop monitoring system for wireworms.
Research 4 Insects Develop and register systemic (not contact) aphid controls.
Research 4 Pathogens Investigate the ways in which plant growth regulators (PGRs) can be used as tools for disease reduction
Research 4 Pathogens Maintain and improve durable, high-temperature adult-plant resistance in the PNW wheat and barley cultivars.
Research 4 Pathogens Investigate the effects of residue management on soilborne disease control (a key to success with direct-seeding).
Research 4 Weeds Investigate optimal fertilizer rate and placement for improved weed competitiveness.
Research 4 Weeds Study long-term weed resistance to glyphosate (Roundup).
Research 4 Weeds Develop decision aids such as thresholds and detection tools.
Research 4 Weeds Bud Formation To Flowering Research emergence patterns of annual weeds.
Research 5 All Research alternatives to glyphosate (Roundup), such as quinclorac
Research 5 All Investigate weed seed predation by insects/vertebrates.
Research 5 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Increase the number of alternatives for pest management in stored grains.
Research 5 Insects Research efficacy of predator release and develop predator release recommendations.
Research 5 Insects Develop treatment guidelines for wireworms.
Research 5 Insects Explore efficacy of biological alternatives to chemical controls.
Research 5 Pathogens Develop controls for crown rot in Montana.
Research 5 Pathogens Develop more effective techniques to more efficiently incorporate resistance genes into high-yielding, high-quality, adapted wheat cultivars.
Research 5 Pathogens Discover alternatives to glyphosate (Roundup) for quick kill of green bridge with short breakdown time.
Research 5 Weeds Develop new herbicide-resistant varieties and improve technology for existing herbicide-resistant varieties
Research 5 Weeds Evaluate current management strategies for efficacy and economic efficiency.
Research 5 Weeds Continue developing site-specific weed management technology (e.g., GPS, sprayer technology, imagery).
Research 6 All Research alternatives to glyphosate (Roundup), such as quinclorac (Paramount), especially for perennial weed control.
Research 6 All Study impacts of residue management on diseases.
Research 6 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Study the impact of residue management on overwintering pests.
Research 6 Insects Research additional controls for wireworms.
Research 6 Insects Improve monitoring system for cereal insects for a better understanding of biology and life cycle for optimum timing of chemical applications.
Research 6 Pathogens Develop and improve economic assessments of chemicals.
Research 6 Pathogens Improve resistance to Cephalosporium stripe.
Research 6 Pathogens Elucidate disease suppressiveness of soil microflora.
Research 6 Weeds Study shifts in weed populations in order to improve predictors and management of these weeds.
Research 6 Weeds Examine key weeds’ (kochia, Italian ryegrass, feral rye, jointed goatgrass, volunteer cereals) resistance to herbicides including acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides, sulfonylureas (tribenuron, thifensulfuron), imidazolinones (imazethabenz, imazamox), sulfonylamino carbonyltriazolones (flucarbazone), triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides (metosulam), and pyrimidinyl oxybenzoates (none registered yet).
Research 6 Weeds Develop an integrated management program for invasive weeds in wheat.
Research 7 All Develop biological controls for Canada thistle, Russian knapweed and rush skeletonweed in non-crop areas.
Research 7 All Research effects of and alternatives to field burning.
Research 7 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop fertilizer management (e.g., placement) recommendations to improve plant health by reducing plant disease susceptibility.
Research 7 Insects Develop new resistant biotypes for the management and monitoring of the aphid complex.
Research 7 Insects Improve predictive tools for aphids and other insects.
Research 7 Pathogens Continue efforts to develop cultivars resistant to snow molds.
Research 7 Pathogens Research effect of fertility management on disease pressure.
Research 7 Weeds Investigate the effects of soil moisture and temperature on crop and weed development.
Research 7 Weeds Find a cost-effective, efficacious replacement for triallate (Far-Go).
Research 7 Weeds Manage herbicide-resistant crops, especially answering the question of how frequently they can be grown.
Research 8 All Investigate late-season control of mealybug.
Research 8 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Research new methods and benefits of fallow management.
Research 8 Insects Investigate the biology and life cycle of mealybugs.
Research 8 Insects Improve predictive tools for aphids and other insects.
Research 8 Pathogens Continue monitoring pathogen populations for pathogenic specialization, especially stripe rust.
Research 8 Pathogens Investigate the impact that increasing acidity of agricultural soils has on diseases like Cephalosporium stripe and othe
Research 8 Weeds Research impact of non-controlled weeds on yield and grain quality.
Research 8 Weeds Determine optimal crop rotation systems for weed control in small grains.
Research 9 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Develop improved pest management practices in direct-seeded/conservation-tillage cropping systems.
Research 9 Insects Evaluate injury and economic thresholds for nematodes
Research 9 Insects Research biology, potential damage, and controls of mealybugs.
Research 9 Pathogens Evaluate pyroclostrobin (Headline) effects on barley vigor and yield.
Research 9 Pathogens Search for new rotational crops that are non-hosts to the pathogens that infect wheat and barley, as well as utilizing existing non-host crops such as peas and lentils
Research 9 Weeds Develop and improve economic assessments of chemical
Research 9 Weeds Monitor invasive weed spec
Research 9 Weeds Research biocontrol of weeds.
Research 10 All 6- to 12-Inch Shoot Investigate weed seed bank dynamics for better prediction of weed populations.
Research 10 Insects Evaluate nematode-resistant germplasm.
Research 10 Insects Research biology, potential damage, and controls of other invasive insect species such as cereal leaf beetle.
Research 10 Pathogens Determine how to manage pathogens in direct-seed systems and understand why some of them may become a problem with reduced tillage.
Research 10 Weeds Research efficacy low-till vs. conventional tillage for pre-plant weed control.
Research 11 Insects Investigate overwintering sites of cereal aphid populations.
Research 11 Pathogens Develop methods to sample fields before planting to do risk assessment of potential disease.
Research 11 Pathogens Develop control options for soilborne diseases (in priority order): Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, take-all.
Research 12 Insects Research landscape movement of pests between crops and from non-crop areas into cereals.
Research 12 Pathogens Develop molecular methods for quick detection of soilborne pathogens; current methods are long and laborious and are based primarily on the symptoms of the plant after it has been infected.
Research 13 Insects Examine the interaction of cereal pests in crop rotation systems.
Research 14 Insects Identify impact of natural enemies on mealybugs, wheat stem sawfly (WSS), and aphids.
Research 15 Insects Examine how refugia for Hessian fly predators might be created and maintained.
Research 16 Insects Develop a WSS management and prediction program.
Research 17 Insects Improve timing of chemical controls and other management techniques for both efficacy and cost efficiency.
Research 18 Insects Investigate the interaction of control techniques to improve IPM programs.
Research 19 Insects Substantiate observations regarding early stages of cereal leaf beetle larvae with respect to abiotic factors such as sprinkler irrigation.
Research 20 Insects Conduct field residue research on barley at the same time as the work being done on wheat for increased cost efficiency.